Boiler



C. A. W. BRANDT BOILER Filed Oct. 31, 1924 I a Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VENTOR. 64111.4 WBfifl/VDT BY Q/M 2.1- ATTORNEY.

C. A. W. BRANDT BOILER Aug. 7, 1928. 680,127

Filed 001:. 31, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 1 7a,, ATTORNEY.

Aug. 7, 1928.

C. A. W. BRANDT BOILER Filed Oct. 31, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 O O O O O OO O O O O 0752. A. I4. .BfiJ/VDZ' INVEN TOR.

fi a A TTORNEY.

Fatented Aug. 7.192s.

T F m cARL'A. W. BRAND'r,oF ennarnncx, NEW YORK, nssrenon ro THESUPERHEATER v I COMPANY, for new YORK, N. Y.,

A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.-

V BOILER.

Application filed October 31, 1924. Serial No..747,032.

My invention relates to water tube boilers and particularly to boilersof this class which are to be used with pressure s of the order [of athousand pounds or more per square inch. While of special utility inconnection with such pressures its use is not restricted to. them.

The object of my invention is to provide a boiler of the typespokenofwhich'shall I be inexpensive to manufacture, and safe andeconomical tooperate and maintain.

. Two forms of my inventive idea are de scribed in what follows andareiillustrated in the accompanyingshects of drawings,

.wherc Fig. 1 is acompositeview, theright half being. a front elevat-ionof the. boiler and he left half a' sectionon the line 11 of Fig. 2looking in the direction indicated by the arrows; Fig. 2 isa centralsectional view at right angles to Fig. l; and Fig." 3 shows amodification, the left-half being a front elevation and the right half avertical central section.

. r I shall first describe fully the form of my invention shown in Figs.1 and;2.

The fuel for heating the boiler according ,to this formis burned ongrates 1 1 in the lower part of the space enclosed by housing 2. Abovethe grates is the furnace3 and the combustion space 4. It will beunderstood from what follows that if desired the fur-v nace may bedesigned for burning other fuels, such as pulverized coal, oil, or gas,

inwhich case the grates will be replaced by suitable burners, theheating surface of the boiler is-located at each side of the comwbustion space and isso arranged-that said space has the shape of an A'oran inverted V, being widest at the bottom and narrow- .i'ng.progressively to a point at the top.

The heating surface of the boiler comprises straight 1 tubes whose endsare secured in juxtaposed headers. These headersare arranged adjacentto. the left and right walls.

of .theboiler setting, asviewed in Fig. 2,

or frontand back walls as seen in Fig. 1.-

.. Eachheader rectangular in cross-section and is made up in one ormoresections as required, the headers connected by the tubes ,neare stthe fire, ,for example, comprising ,;three; sections. Three suchsections are {shown ata, b, and 0, respectively, at the left half ofFig. 1. Itr will be understoodthat theepartsof the right half of Fig. 1,are symmetricalwith those, shown in the left throughv them.

" and i.

In each case, the several sections making up a header are interconnectedby means of nipples, as at 5 5.

The headers respectively opposite those shown in Fig. 1, i. e.'those, atthe forward ends of the water tubes as seen in that figure, are arrangedin generally corresponding positions but somewhat lower. This will beclear from an inspection of Fig. 2. The

water tubes 6-6 as a result, have an upward slope from oneset of headersto the other set. The. purpose in sloping the tubes is to facilitate thewater circulation through them and to permit an easier escapefor thesteam formed in the tubes. The headers at the left (Fig. 2) act asdown-comers, those at the r1ght having an upward flow of water throughthem.

The water tubes connecting the headers a, b, and 0, with the oppositeheaders are ex posed not only to convection of the gases passing overthem, but also to the intense radiant heat of the furnace. It istherefore imperative that they should have an adequate and certainsupply of water circulating Similarly, the mixture of steam and waterwhich it is necessary to take off at the opposite ends of these tubesis'large. 3 Itis for this'reason that additional or supplementarycirculating headers are provided. These are shown at g, h l, g, h, Thesections 9,11,, and '5 are nippled together as shown, andnear theirupper ends,

at is and m, the sections 9 and h are nippled to a and 6; while neartheir lower ends, at p, g, and r the sections 9, h, and z" are nippledtothe sections opposite a, b, and a. The sections 9 and 9 have sectionsand j nippled to them, these two sections 9' and j lying adjacent andparallel to the setting wall and being connected with the water tubes 7;It will be understood that the right half of" the boiler :iscorrespondingly equippedwith such supplementary circulation headers. g p

The upper'part of the space between the sec nd a d fifth rows-of tubesis occupied The top of the boiler is covered by a partition 19, restingon the uppermost boiler and economizer tubes. r g

Theac'tion of the boileris as follows. The 'fuel burning on grates 1"and in" combustion space 4 generates hot" gases which-travel towardstack connections 17-18, sweeping is not limited to-this form nor tothisfprecise location. For illustrative, purposes the superheater isshown as composed of two headers, 8 and 9, and a series of tubularsuperheating elements or units 10 10, whose ends are connected totlie'hea d'ersi- The pipe 9 connects the steam drum 14 to the superheaterinlet'header 9-, and 8 shows the outlet for the superheated steam.

From the top ends of the uppermost headerf sections, tubes ]i1' 11' andI2-I2 extend, the former connected to a crossbox' 1 3, and the latter tothe druml ll The cross-box. 13 is connect-ed to the drum 14: by means ofa set of pipes 15 i Itwill again be understood that the superheater andthe'pi'pesll', 12 and 15' have their counter arts in the other half ofthe boiler.

In ac dit'ion to the sectional headers and thetubes above mentionedthere are further tubes and headers located more remotely. from thefurnace; and constituting an economizer. Some of these headers are seenat AA; and tubes connecting those shown to corresponding ones oppositethem are seen at 16' 16. willbe understood that these econormzer headersand tubes are so connectedup with each other and with the waterj supplyto the boilerthat the: water flows immaterial and no detailed-showingseems called for.

Stack co nnectrons ar'e shown at 17 and over the boiler, superheater,and economizer surfaces; From theformand disposition of the parts anatural contraction of the area a of the gas path occurs aboutproportional to 1 the contraction whichthe gases experience 1 as theysurgtaces. V a a The water flows downward through the headers shown atthe left in Fig. 2, toward the right through the water tubes 6,- upward?through the: headers at the right and the tubes 11 into box '13, throughcirculating pipes 15 to the drum :14 and thence through tubes 12 back tothe headers at'the left. The steam generated is carried by pi e 9 to thesuperheater by which it is delivered in a" beIca-rsuperheated state tothe outlet 8 to rie'd' to the point of consumption.

The principal advantages of my boiler form of the headers.

are cooled by the heat absorbing will be readily seen by those"- skfilledin this art. Among these advantages the following may be pointed out:

Throughout the boiler only straight-tubes are used. Large drums, which"are very expensive for high pressures, are avoided a,

ti-rely. A comparatively large .lproportion The headers to which thewater tubesare secured are sectional and of forged steehrol lefd" steel,or cast'fs'teeh The decrease in the gas area about prepertreeal to thedecrease in the specific gas volume is maintenanee: under accomplished"without resort'. to any bathing,

which is alwaysexpensiveto "install and.

maintain- The fact that there are no-re versa'ls in the gas flo'wj cutsdown the draft losses. The superheater vrs' arranged close enough to.the furnace to fLIIIllSll the high against any excessive radiantothertheat by the interpositionof water-cooler? surfaces.

The tubes are so arranged that with respect to the direction of gas fiowthey are staggerechand this is feasibiein myboiler without the necessityof complicating the V In the form of my 3, it will be noted attheoutsetthat; while thegeneral disposition of the furnace 'a nd boiler surfacesis like that-in the form first described, the headers to whichthe'beiler.

tubes are connected are' here-iplacefdin a vertical position. Those atthe-farther'side' (as viewed the figure)' are lowerthanthe ones atthefront so that thetu'beseonneeting boiler shown in Fig.

degree of super-heat which modern engineering demands, and yet issuliici'ently protected 4 the two sets have the slope reqtrii'edforeircul ation'. The headers increase pre res sively in length aswe gofrom' the center of the'bo'iler' outward, and theyar'e ma'dief sectionalfor convenience, these sections being superheatei elements lyinggenerally parallel to the inclined sidesof the combustion-space andbeing separated from it by a limited number of the water tubes: H

No' auxiliary means are shown? in this ification for insuringsufiicientwater circuas many in number as required forfpur'poses 0f manufa ctureor as thought-'de'sirab'lea A space is) left for the superheater 10; the

lation, butrsiiehnieainsi may be provided if V desired; V v At the sideviewstaa mascara as the; Fig.3, the brick trail is suewmprotected by awater screen, the pipes 30 of which are connected at their upper ends tothe boiler headers, and at their lower ends to the screen header 31.This header 31 is in communication with the water space of the Theoperation of this form is very similarto that of theform firstdescribed, anddoes not appear to call for further statement.

' What Iclaim is: 1

1. In a boiler of the class described the combination of a boilersetting, a furnace in the lower part of the setting, substantiallyhorizontal boiler tubes extending across the boiler space and arrangedin two unbaffled "substantially triangular. groups with the points ofthe triangles down defining an inverted V-shaped combustion spaceimmediately above the furnace with said boiler tube groups adjacent tothe space, headers at opposite ends of the tubes to which the tubes aresecured, the headers at one end being in a higher position than those atthe other end, whereby the tubes have a slight upward slope, a drumabove the lower set of headers, a box above the higherset of head'- ers,and tubes connecting the lower headers to the drum, the drum to the box,and the box to the upper headers, and a connection to the stack fromeach of the upper outer corners of the triangular spaces. a

2. In a boiler of the class described, the combination of a boilersetting, a furnace in the lower partof the setting, substantiallyhorizontal boiler tubes extending across the boiler spaceand arranged intwo unbafiled triangular groups with the points of the triangles downdefining an inverted V-shaped combustion space immediately above thefurnace with said boiler tube groups adjacent to the space, a free spacebeing left within each tube group parallel to the side of the trianglefacing the combustion space and separated from it by one or more rows ofwater tubes, headers at opposite ends of the tubes to which the tubesare secured, the headers at one end being in a higher position thanthose at the other end, whereby the tubes have a slight upward slope,

blow oil pipes adjacent to the lower ends of the headers and connectedto them, adrum above the lower set of headers, a box above the higherset, tubes connecting the lower headers to the drum, the drum to thebox,

and the box to the upper headers, a connection to the stack from each ofthe upper outer corners of the triangular spaces, additionalsubstantially horizontal water tubes below the points of the trianglesand adjacent to the walls to form water-screens, end headers to whichthese tubes are connected, and superheaters in said free spaces.

CARL A. W. BRANDT.

